100 , || 100% toilets: Reality Check ||
In late 2019, the Narendra Modi government attempted to delay and then discredit an official survey that showed sanitation coverage was far lower than it was claimed. Another major government survey has now confirmed the trend: in five states, over one-third of the rural population still lack exclusive access to improved sanitation for their households.
In Bihar, for instance, this figure is less than half, shows the data from the fifth round of the National Family Health Survey, held in 2019-2020. In rural Gujarat, nearly 37% residents do not have access to an improved facility. Kerala is the only state whether the situation on the ground is aligned with administrative data.
Administrative data from the Swachh Bharat Mission claims nearly 100% toilet coverage. The two sources measure different metrics, but the wide gap shows many Indians may still be using open defecation contrary to government claims.
Sanitation has been a cornerstone of the prime ministers agenda. The Swachh Bharat Mission, which aims to eliminate open defecation, was Modis first major scheme in 2014. By the end of 2020, the missions dashboard claimed that over 99% rural households had access to an exclusive toilet, and most villages had been declared open defecation free. In urban India, over 100% of the target of building toilets had been achieved. In comparison, the 2011 Census had shown that 53% households had no toilet.
Doubts were first raised about the dashboard data when a National Sample Survey, conducted during July-December 2018, reported that nearly 30% of rural households did not have access to a toilet, much lower than what the portal claimed.
An unusual caveat preceded these findings: It may be noted that there may be respondent bias in the reporting of access to latrine as question on benefits received by the households from government schemes was asked prior to the question on access of households to latrine."
Explaining in an op-ed later, chief statistician of India Pravin Srivastava suggested that the respondents could be lying to surveyors despite having toilets, so that they could claim benefits from the government.
https://www.livemint.com/news/india/survey-data-again-casts-doubt-over-reality-of-open-defecation-free-india-11610516625786.html
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100 , || 100% toilets: Reality Check || In late 2019, the Narendra Modi government attempted to delay and then discredit an official survey that showed sanitation coverage was far lower than it was claimed. Another major government survey has now confirmed the trend: in five states, over one-third of the rural population still lack exclusive access to improved sanitation for their households. In Bihar, for instance, this figure is less than half, shows the data from the fifth round of the National Family Health Survey, held in 2019-2020. In rural Gujarat, nearly 37% residents do not have access to an improved facility. Kerala is the only state whether the situation on the ground is aligned with administrative data. Administrative data from the Swachh Bharat Mission claims nearly 100% toilet coverage. The two sources measure different metrics, but the wide gap shows many Indians may still be using open defecation contrary to government claims. Sanitation has been a cornerstone of the prime ministers agenda. The Swachh Bharat Mission, which aims to eliminate open defecation, was Modis first major scheme in 2014. By the end of 2020, the missions dashboard claimed that over 99% rural households had access to an exclusive toilet, and most villages had been declared open defecation free. In urban India, over 100% of the target of building toilets had been achieved. In comparison, the 2011 Census had shown that 53% households had no toilet. Doubts were first raised about the dashboard data when a National Sample Survey, conducted during July-December 2018, reported that nearly 30% of rural households did not have access to a toilet, much lower than what the portal claimed. An unusual caveat preceded these findings: It may be noted that there may be respondent bias in the reporting of access to latrine as question on benefits received by the households from government schemes was asked prior to the question on access of households to latrine." Explaining in an op-ed later, chief statistician of India Pravin Srivastava suggested that the respondents could be lying to surveyors despite having toilets, so that they could claim benefits from the government. https://www.livemint.com/news/india/survey-data-again-casts-doubt-over-reality-of-open-defecation-free-india-11610516625786.html
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