The finding points to the sophisticated textile technology ancient Andean people developed, said the study led author Jeffrey Splitstoser, Assistant Research Professor at George Washington University.
"The cotton used in Huaca Prieta fabrics, Gossypium barbadense, is the same species grown today known as Egyptian cotton," Splitstoser said.
"And that's not the only cotton connection we made in this excavation -- we may well not have had blue jeans if it weren't for the ancient South Americans," Splitstoser noted.
The discovery, published in the journal Science Advances, marks the earliest use of indigo as a dye, a technically-challenging colour to produce.
"Some of the world's most significant technological achievements were developed first in the New World," Splitstoser said.
"Many people, however, remain mostly unaware of the important technological contributions made by Native Americans, perhaps because so many of these technologies were replaced by European systems during the conquest. However, the fine fibres and sophisticated dyeing, spinning and weaving practices developed by ancient South Americans were quickly co-opted by Europeans," Splitstoser explained.
The development of indigo dye was critical for future trends in fashion, fabrics and textile arts, he said.
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