Multiple sclerosis is a chronic progressive auto-immune disease in which the immune system attacks the nervous tissue, potentially resulting in movement disorders.
Other typical symptoms of MS include physical and mental fatigue as well as faintness, depression and paresthesia such as pins and needles, itchiness and numbness.
"Every human carries trillions of bacteria in their gut (gut microbiome) and recent advances in research indicate that these tiny passengers play an important role in our overall health maintenance," said Ashutosh Mangalam, Assistant Professor at the University of Iowa Carver College of Medicine in the US.
Since the bacteria are associated with contributing to good health, Mangalam and his colleagues wondered whether those with a chronic autoimmune disorder, such as multiple sclerosis, would then have a gut microbiome that is different than the microbiome found in healthy individuals.
In the study published online in the journal Scientific Reports, the researchers said that MS patients do, in fact, have a distinct microbiome from their healthy peers.
"Although preliminary, our data suggest that patients with MS have reduced levels of good bacteria responsible for overall benefits obtained from consuming healthy foods, such as soybean and flaxseeds," Mangalam, who is senior author on the study, said.
For the study, Mangalam and his team from Mayo Clinic conducted microbiome analysis on fecal samples collected from MS patients as well as healthy control subjects.
"We identified certain bacteria which are increased or decreased in the gut of patients with MS compared to healthy controls," he said.
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