Police said the 45-year-old teacher was stabbed in the side and throat as he was preparing for the class at the Jean-Perrin preschool in Aubervilliers, BBC reported.
The attacker reportedly arrived wearing a balaclava and gloves but was unarmed and used weapons he found in the classroom.
As he stabbed the teacher with a box cutter or scissors before fleeing on foot, the attacker shouted: "It's Islamic State! It's a warning!"
A local official said there were no children present at the time of the attack but other staff members were in the building. Classes were cancelled in the school.
The IS' French-language magazine "Dar-al-Islam" recently urged followers to kill teachers in France, describing them as "enemies of Allah" for teaching secularism.
Security has been strengthened in schools since the Paris terror attacks on November 13 that killed 130 people.
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